Both devices don’t learn-and-playback raw codes, they support a specific set of (cheap, often-used) RF tx chips and know how to interpret the data sent by them.
Like you said, I don’t think there’s a technical reason why Homey can’t do this either, there are plenty of open source libraries that can be used to implement support for these chips. It wouldn’t surprise me though that the software handling the existing RF part hasn’t changed much over the years and that the original developer(s) is long gone. Sort of a “wouldn’t dare touch it” situation.